Several of those are closely tied with religion. But for those that are not...well, I'd love a Geology forum, too. Is it appropriate to the site?
take a notion and add pressure from society's expectation and the heat of debate, over time the original notion will metamorph into something a lot harder but if you look closely you'll see the original grains of ideas but they will be warped out of shape to be almost unrecognisable...