Hey Nick,
It basically means that this is potentially technology to be used to substitute and/or utilize in combination with todays 2-dimensional silicon wafer and memory technologies.
In other words, it will allow for greater computational solving per clock cycle (unit of time per instuction set of a microchip to solve a mathematical calcualation per unit of area in 2D) at the same increasing the computational power per clock cycle. But I have to beleive that the heat and power transfer to these 3D layers of transistors will still need to be solved.
But when these are both perfected, computational power will continue to increase exponentially (which it has been and does today but we are reaching the limits soon) which is also why science is only beginning to explode...
As these obvious computer, simulation, and scientific discoveries seem to increase (they are....) we've only begun to scratch the surface with human discovery and knowledge.
I can't wait until exoflop supercomputers are commonplace. See wiki
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FLOPS